Downloads: 1
Original Article | Emergency Medicine | Volume 15 Issue 4, April 2026 | Pages: 1503 - 1506 | Iraq
Retrospective Analysis of Surgical Emergencies During the Arbaeenia Mass Gathering at a Tertiary Medical City in Karbala, Iraq
Abstract: Background: Mass gatherings, such as the annual Arbaenea pilgrimage in Karbala, Iraq, present significant challenges to healthcare systems due to overcrowding, trauma risks, and the convergence of infectious and chronic diseases. This study aims to describe the prevalence and outcomes of surgical emergencies among pilgrims visiting the emergency department of Al Imam Al Hussein Medical City. Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted from October 18 to November 22, 2018 (coinciding with 9 Safar 1440). Data were collected from the emergency ward registration for all patients admitted during this period. Results: A total of 41,051 patients were admitted to the emergency unit. Key findings include: Case Classification: 74% (30,390) were medical cases, while 26% (10,661) were surgical cases. Demographics: The most affected age group was 21?30 years (26%). The male-to-female ratio was 1.9:1. Nationality: The vast majority of patients were Iraqi (96.6%). Surgical Outcomes: Of the 10,661 surgical cases, 85% were admitted to the ward, 2.8% were discharged well, and 12.3% (1,308) died. Etiology: Surgical emergencies were primarily related to trauma, ranging from fractures to simple cut wounds, and road traffic accidents (RTA). Conclusion: The Arbaenea pilgrimage places an immense burden on Karbala?s health institutions. The study reported a significant increase in surgical emergencies, leading to high morbidity and mortality. To improve outcomes, the implementation of ATLS protocols, enhanced prehospital services, and organized collaboration between health and religious organizations are vital.
Keywords: Arbaenea, Mass gathering, Surgical emergencies, Trauma epidemiology, Emergency medicine
How to Cite?: Dr. Nawar Moeze Alnaqeeb, Dr. Marwan Almashhadani, Dr. Mohammed A. Al-Ezzi, "Retrospective Analysis of Surgical Emergencies During the Arbaeenia Mass Gathering at a Tertiary Medical City in Karbala, Iraq", Volume 15 Issue 4, April 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1503-1506, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26422195608, DOI: https://dx.dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26422195608