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Review Papers | Information Technology | Volume 15 Issue 4, April 2026 | Pages: 1459 - 1464 | India
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery and Development
Abstract: The pharmaceutical industry faces a persistent crisis of productivity: drug development remains prohibitively expensive, time-consuming, and failure-prone. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is emerging as a transformative force capable of revolutionizing every stage of the drug discovery pipeline from multi-omics-driven target identification and generative molecular design to adaptive clinical trial management and regulatory review. This review paper examines the current landscape of AI applications in drug discovery, including machine learning (ML) techniques, deep learning architectures, natural language processing (NLP), and large language models (LLMs). We analyze real-world case studies, compare AI-driven workflows with conventional methodologies, discuss challenges such as data quality, algorithmic bias, and regulatory uncertainty, and propose a framework for responsible AI integration in pharmaceutical R&D. The paper further explores future directions including quantum AI, digital twin simulations, and federated learning. Our analysis concludes that while significant barriers remain, AI presents an unprecedented opportunity to accelerate life-saving treatments and fundamentally reshape drug development economics.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Drug Discovery, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, AlphaFold, Generative AI, ADMET Prediction, Clinical Trials, Bioinformatics, Precision Medicine
How to Cite?: Drishith Kapoor, Raghu Raja Mehra, "Role of Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery and Development", Volume 15 Issue 4, April 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1459-1464, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26422173006, DOI: https://dx.dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26422173006