A State Dependent Formulation of Energy with an Effective Mass Parameter
Abstract: This study proposes a state-dependent reformulation of mass?energy equivalence expressed as E =Sc2, where S = m0 α. Here, m0 represents invariant rest mass and α is a dimensionless state function describing interaction-dependent coupling between a system and its environment. The formulation preserves dimensional consistency and reduces to the classical relation when α = 1. In the limiting case α ? 0, the effective mass contribution (S) to energy vanishes without eliminating other energy forms. The framework is phenomenological and maintains relativistic invariance while providing a conceptual bridge to effective mass interpretations in quantum and cosmological contexts. The results suggest that energetic mass contribution may emerge as a state-dependent property rather than a strictly intrinsic quantity.
Keywords: Mass-energy equivalence, state-dependent mass (S), effective mass, dimensional consistency, quantum interpretation, theoretical physics, Lorentz invariance, phenomenological modeling, effective field theory
How to Cite?: Saji Mathew Perinjelil, "A State Dependent Formulation of Energy with an Effective Mass Parameter", Volume 15 Issue 4, April 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 539-540, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26331221415, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26331221415