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Analysis Study Research Paper | Environmental Biology | Volume 15 Issue 1, January 2026 | Pages: 1771 - 1775 | India
Water Quality Assessment Based on Physico-Chemical Parameters of Pond and Surface Water in Chhapra
Abstract: Water quality assessment is essential for evaluating the ecological condition of freshwater resources and their suitability for domestic and agricultural use. The present study investigates the physico-chemical characteristics of pond and surface water sources in Chhapra, Bihar, India. A total of 30 water samples, comprising pond water and surface water samples, were collected from representative locations and analysed using standard methods prescribed by the American Public Health Association. Key parameters such as pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, nitrate, phosphate, sulphate, and fluoride were evaluated. The results indicated that pH values of both water sources were near neutral, suggesting chemically stable conditions. Surface water samples exhibited higher electrical conductivity, turbidity, nutrient levels, and dissolved solids, indicating greater influence of agricultural runoff and domestic discharges. In contrast, pond water showed relatively higher biochemical oxygen demand, reflecting accumulation of biodegradable organic matter under stagnant conditions. Elevated nutrient concentrations in surface water suggest a potential risk of eutrophication. Overall, the findings reveal significant spatial variations in water quality influenced by anthropogenic activities. The study emphasizes the necessity of regular monitoring, improved waste management, and sustainable water resource management strategies to safeguard freshwater bodies in the Chhapra region.
Keywords: Physico-chemical evaluation, Total microbial count, Physico-chemical parameters, Water quality indicators & Water safety
How to Cite?: Dr. Ajay Kumar, Dr. Md. Sarfaraz Ahmad, "Water Quality Assessment Based on Physico-Chemical Parameters of Pond and Surface Water in Chhapra", Volume 15 Issue 1, January 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1771-1775, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26119134346, DOI: https://dx.dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26119134346