Effect of Physiotherapy Intervention on Functional Outcomes in a Patient with Neuromyelitis Optica: A Case Report
Abstract: Introduction: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), now included within neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system that may cause severe motor, sensory and autonomic dysfunction. Physiotherapy plays an important role in maintaining mobility, preventing secondary complications and improving functional independence. Case Report: A 41-year-old female diagnosed with neuromyelitis optica with gastrocolitis presented with approximately one month of bilateral lower-limb weakness and difficulty standing, associated with burning and difficulty during micturition and reduced bowel and bladder control. Examination revealed severe bilateral lower-limb weakness, impaired lower-limb coordination, altered standing balance and reduced trunk strength. Serum NMO antibody was positive. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) were used as outcome measures. Intervention: An individualized 8-week neurophysiotherapy program was provided, consisting of patient and caregiver education, prevention of secondary complications, range-of-motion exercises, neuromuscular facilitation, strengthening, core exercises, balance and coordination training, bowel and bladder management, aerobic conditioning and progressive gait training. Results: Following rehabilitation, the BBS score improved from 4/56 to 47/56 and the EDSS score improved from 8.5/10 to 3.0/10. Clinically, the patient progressed from severe difficulty with standing and mobility to substantially improved standing balance and functional ambulation. Conclusion: This case highlights the potential benefits of individualized and progressive neurophysiotherapy in improving balance and functional mobility in a patient with NMO. Structured rehabilitation with gradual progression and prevention of secondary complications may contribute to improved functional independence.
Keywords: Neuromyelitis Optica, Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder, Physiotherapy, Neurorehabilitation, Balance, Gait
How to Cite?: Dr. Saurabh Pravin Mahajan, Dr. Komal Gunjal, "Effect of Physiotherapy Intervention on Functional Outcomes in a Patient with Neuromyelitis Optica: A Case Report", Volume 15 Issue 10, October 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 782-785, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR261012103022, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR261012103022