Accessibility through Assistive Technology: A Systematic Evaluation for Individuals with Visual Impairment and Blindness

Shrinath Pai, Sanjeev Kulkarni

Abstract: This systematic evaluation critically examines the current landscape of assistive technology (AT) and its effectiveness in enhancing accessibility for individuals with visual impairment and blindness. Despite significant advancements in various AT solutions, disparities in adoption, functionality, and user experience persist. This review synthesizes findings from a comprehensive literature search, focusing on recent developments, key challenges, and emerging trends across diverse AT categories, including screen readers, refreshable braille displays, navigation aids, and object recognition technologies. We identify prevalent barriers to effective accessibility, such as high costs, limited interoperability, and insufficient user training, alongside promising innovations in AI-powered solutions and integrated ecosystems. The paper highlights critical gaps in current research, particularly regarding long-term efficacy, inclusive design methodologies, and the socio-economic impact of AT on independent living. By systematically evaluating the strengths and limitations of existing AT, this review aims to inform future research, guide technological development, and advocate for more equitable and comprehensive accessibility solutions for the visually impaired and blind community.

Keywords: Assistive Technology, Screen Reader, Navigation, Accessibility, Blind, Visual Impaired

How to Cite?: Shrinath Pai, Sanjeev Kulkarni, "Accessibility through Assistive Technology: A Systematic Evaluation for Individuals with Visual Impairment and Blindness", Volume 14 Issue 7, July 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1331-1342, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR25720193547, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR25720193547