Urine Cytology as a Diagnostic Tool for Urothelial Carcinoma: A Case-Based Review

Sujata Kumbhar, Neha Ghadge, Vaibhav Chavan, Anshuli Vispute

Abstract: Urothelial carcinoma is a common malignancy of the urinary tract, often presenting as hematuria. Urine cytology provides a valuable, non-invasive diagnostic approach especially for detecting high-grade tumors, and can raise suspicion even in low-grade malignancies. This case report describes a 68-year-old female with hematuria, where urine cytology revealed atypical urothelial cells. Imaging studies including CT urogram further supported the diagnosis of a primary urothelial neoplasm. This case highlights the crucial role of cytology in the early detection and evaluation of urothelial carcinoma.

Keywords: Urine, Cytology, Malignancy