The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Pulmonology Practice: A Systematic Review

Dr. Avirup Maiti, Dr. Soumya Mishra, Dr. Soumya Ray, Dr. Diptendu Dey

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in healthcare, with growing applications in respiratory medicine. This systematic review evaluates current evidence on the use of AI in pulmonology, focusing on diagnostic accuracy, workflow efficiency, clinical decision - making, and patient outcomes. A comprehensive literature search of studies published between January 2015 and May 2025 was conducted. Findings suggest that AI significantly improves diagnostic accuracy in imaging and spirometry interpretation, facilitates early detection of lung diseases, and supports personalized treatment. However, challenges such as ethical concerns, data quality, and clinical integration remain. Interdisciplinary collaboration is essential for the successful implementation of AI in pulmonology.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Pulmonology, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Chest Imaging, Spirometry, Sleep Apnea, COPD, Interstitial Lung Disease, Clinical Decision Support, Predictive Analytics, Respiratory Medicine