A New Frontier in Hypertension Control: The Functional Benefits of Inspiratory Muscle Training

Shwetha S.S, Dr Senthil Kumar N

Abstract: Background: Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and improving functional capacity is crucial for overall health. Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) has emerged as a potential non-pharmacological intervention to enhance respiratory function and cardiovascular health. However, its effects on blood pressure and functional capacity remain under explored. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of IMT on blood pressure and functional capacity in adults through a randomized controlled trial. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 120 participants with elevated blood pressure. Participants were assigned to either an IMT group and a control group. The IMT group performed a structured inspiratory muscle training regimen for 6 weeks, while the control group followed only diaphragmatic breathing exercises. Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and functional capacity (six-minute walk test]) were measured at baseline and post-intervention. Results: The IMT group demonstrated significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, functional capacity improved in the IMT group, as evidenced by increased test performance scores (p < 0.05). No adverse effects were reported. Conclusion: IMT is an effective, non-invasive intervention for reducing blood pressure and enhancing functional capacity. These findings suggest that IMT could serve as a valuable adjunct therapy in hypertension management and physical rehabilitation programs. Further studies are warranted to explore long-term effects and optimal training protocols.

Keywords: Essential hypertension, IMT- Inspiratory Muscle Training, 6minute walk test, adjuvant therapy