IoT-based Aquaponics Monitoring System

Kiran Sunil, Rinsa Rees

Abstract: Aquaponics, a sustainable method of food production, merges aquaculture and hydroponics into a closed-loop ecosystem. This paper presents an enhanced IoT-based intelligent aquaponics monitoring system designed for real-time data acquisition, analysis, and semi-automated control. The system leverages an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with pH, water temperature, and environmental sensors. Data is transmitted via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth to a Flutter-based mobile application for real-time visualization, trend analysis, and threshold-based notifications. In addition to standard monitoring, the system introduces lightweight predictive analytics to forecast potential water quality issues based on historical data patterns. Moreover, basic actuator control, such as pump switching and simulated gate mechanisms, is implemented for environmental intervention. The solution operates with energy-efficient routines and supports solar power integration, ensuring off-grid functionality. This intelligent approach significantly improves system reliability, reduces manual intervention, and promotes sustainable, smart farming practices.

Keywords: Aquaponics, IoT, ESP32, pH Monitoring, Predictive Analytics, Edge Computing, Mobile App, Smart Agriculture, Flutter, Sustainable Farming