An Observational Study on Intra-Operative Factors, Causing Conversion in Patients Undergoing Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Dr. Satyabrat Mishra, Dr. Biranchi Narayan Lenka

Abstract: This observational descriptive study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, to evaluate intra?operative and related factors leading to conversion from elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy. A total of 52 patients aged above 15 years, initially planned for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and subsequently converted to open procedures due to complicated intra?operative findings, were included between March 2023 and February 2025. Preoperative clinical presentation, biochemical parameters, and radiological findings were assessed, along with intra?operative difficulties such as dense adhesions, distorted Calot?s triangle anatomy, bleeding, and difficult gallbladder dissection, to identify predictors of conversion. The analysis highlights that specific high?risk intra?operative situations, supported by adverse preoperative clinical and imaging features, significantly increase the likelihood of conversion. Strengthening preoperative risk stratification and counseling, coupled with meticulous operative planning in anticipated difficult cases, can help reduce conversion rates, minimize complications, and improve overall outcomes in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Keywords: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, open cholecystectomy, conversion, intra?operative factors, difficult cholecystectomy, cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, risk factors, observational study, Calot?s triangle

How to Cite?: Dr. Satyabrat Mishra, Dr. Biranchi Narayan Lenka, "An Observational Study on Intra-Operative Factors, Causing Conversion in Patients Undergoing Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy", Volume 14 Issue 12, December 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 615-619, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251207143206, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251207143206