A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Intralesional Triamcinolone versus Intralesional 5-FU in Keloid Treatment

Dr. Taijal Goyal, Dr. Rajkumar Kothiwala, Dr. Abhinav Awasthi, Dr. Ajay Singh

Abstract: Background: Keloids represent a challenging fibrotic skin disorder with high recurrence and significant psychosocial impact. Multiple intralesional therapies have been advocated, yet direct comparative data remain limited. Objectives: To compare the clinical efficacy and safety profiles of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) and intralesional 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in treating keloid scars. Methods: In a prospective, randomized study of 50 adults with keloids, participants were allocated to receive either intralesional TAC or 5-FU at two-week intervals for up to six sessions. Efficacy was assessed using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), symptom scores, and objective scar measurements at baseline and follow-up. Adverse events were recorded throughout. Results: By week 12, complete scar flattening (VSS height 0) was achieved in 68% of the TAC group and 44% of the 5-FU group. Both treatments produced significant reductions in pigmentation, vascularity, pliability, and symptoms. TAC accelerated cosmetic improvement but was associated with more atrophy and telangiectasia, while 5-FU reduced scar bulk and pruritus faster but caused greater injection discomfort and occasional ulceration. Long-term recurrence data were limited due to 6-month follow-up. Conclusions: Both TAC and 5-FU are effective and safe for keloid management. TAC may produce more rapid cosmetic improvement, whereas 5-FU may be preferred for patients at risk of steroid side effects. Combination therapy and longer-term outcomes warrant future research.

Keywords: Keloid, intralesional triamcinolone, intralesional 5-fluorouracil, randomised controlled trial, Vancouver Scar Scale, scar treatment, fibrotic disorders, scar flattening, dermatologic therapy

How to Cite?: Dr. Taijal Goyal, Dr. Rajkumar Kothiwala, Dr. Abhinav Awasthi, Dr. Ajay Singh, "A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Intralesional Triamcinolone versus Intralesional 5-FU in Keloid Treatment", Volume 14 Issue 11, November 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1358-1359, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251117123221, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251117123221