Megestrol Acetate in Cancer Cachexia: A Prospective Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Centre

Dr. Shivani S. Dalal, Dr. Praghnya Tejale, Dr. Ashok Kumar Diwan, Dr Yogesh H Rajput, Dr. Prachi Padia, Dr. Shashank M. Khannade, Dr. Karale B. Laxmikant, Dr. Aditya R. Kandharkar, Dr. Pooja Gangharia, Dr Mangesh S. Bele

Abstract: Background: Cancer cachexia is a complex syndrome involving weight loss, muscle wasting, and metabolic changes that impair patient quality of life and treatment efficacy. Megestrol Acetate, a synthetic progestin, has been used as an appetite stimulant in such patients. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Megestrol Acetate in cancer cachexia in a real-world clinical setting. Objectives: To assess changes in appetite, body weight, and functional status among cancer patients receiving Megestrol Acetate and to monitor the associated adverse effects. Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care center. Cancer patients diagnosed with cachexia were initiated on Megestrol Acetate. Data were collected on baseline and post-treatment parameters including Visual Analogue Scale for appetite score, weight, (ECOG) performance status, and adverse events. Results: Among 105 patients enrolled, a significant proportion showed improvement in appetite and weight gain after Megestrol Acetate therapy (p < 0.05). Improvement in ECOG performance status was also observed in a subset of patients. Common adverse events observed were fatigue (25.7%), edema (20%), hyperglycemia (20%), and thromboembolism (6.7%). Grade 3?4 toxicities were less frequent but notable. Conclusion: Megestrol Acetate appears to be beneficial in improving appetite and nutritional status in cancer cachexia, with an acceptable safety profile. Regular monitoring is essential to manage potential adverse effects.

Keywords: Cancer cachexia, Megestrol Acetate, Appetite, Weight gain, Adverse effect

How to Cite?: Dr. Shivani S. Dalal, Dr. Praghnya Tejale, Dr. Ashok Kumar Diwan, Dr Yogesh H Rajput, Dr. Prachi Padia, Dr. Shashank M. Khannade, Dr. Karale B. Laxmikant, Dr. Aditya R. Kandharkar, Dr. Pooja Gangharia, Dr Mangesh S. Bele, "Megestrol Acetate in Cancer Cachexia: A Prospective Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Centre", Volume 14 Issue 11, November 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 463-467, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251104131235, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251104131235