An Environmentally Sustainable EOQ Model for Deteriorating Products with Green Quality Dependent Linear Demand Under Learning Effect and Inflation

Sandeep Kumar, Anirudh Bhargva, Sanjai Sharma, Dharmendra Yadav

Abstract: An economic order quantity (EOQ) model with shortages and learning effect under inflationary conditions is developed to address inventory optimization problems and environmental issues. Retailers perform inspection for defective items and are separated at initial stage. Defective items are sold at discount rate at instant after inspection. Models consider instantaneously deteriorating products with linear demand pattern, constant rate of deterioration and holding cost rate to fulfil the consumers demand throughout business cycle length with sole objective of maximizing retailers? profit. Shortages are partially backlogged to fulfil demand of loyal consumers. The learning process is adopted to lump items and prevent incorrect categorization. Green technology is proposed in reducing carbon emissions for a sustainable environment. Models with and without technology adoption are proposed. Numerical examples are presented to validate models. Additionally, sensitivity analysis is performed to study the impact of several parameters on optimal solutions.

Keywords: Linear Green Quality Dependent (LGQD) Demand, Single Item (SI), Green Technology (GT), Instantaneous Deteriorating Items (IDTs), Carbon Tax Policy (CTP) Partial Backlogging Policy (PBP) and Carbon Emission

How to Cite?: Sandeep Kumar, Anirudh Bhargva, Sanjai Sharma, Dharmendra Yadav, "An Environmentally Sustainable EOQ Model for Deteriorating Products with Green Quality Dependent Linear Demand Under Learning Effect and Inflation", Volume 14 Issue 11, November 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 468-485, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251102223942, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251102223942