Sensing Capability as a Predictor of Sustainability in Kenya's Water Service Providers

Francis Kiura, David Kiragu

Abstract: Sustainability of water utilities is vital in enhancing access to quality water, reducing pollution and supporting safe global reuse and recycling. This study evaluated sensing capability as a predictor of sustainability of water service providers in Kenya. The study used a cross-sectional descriptive research design and targeting 332 managers from 88 water service providers (WSPs). Primary data was collected using a structured email questionnaire. The tool was evaluated for stability using Cronbach alpha coefficient and for construct validity using Kaiser-Meyer Olkin Coefficient from Principal Factor Analysis. The weighted data from 67 WSPs was tested for multivariate normality, collinearity, pairwise linearity, outliers and autocorrelation. Bivariate Linear Discriminant Analysis was used for inferential analysis. The study found that Linear Discriminant analysis model had an associated canonical correlation of 0.926 and Wilks? Lambda of 0.143 with well differentiated functions at group centroids of (2.675), (.193) and 3.308 respectively for the three categories of sustainability. The study further found that the sensing capability explained approximately 85.74% of the variations in sustainability classifications among WSPs in Kenya. The hit ratio for the confusion matrix and Jack-Knife classifications showed 94% correct classifications for both initial and the cross-validated grouped cases. The study concluded that Sensing capability has a statistically significant discriminating power on sustainability of WSPs in Kenya. The study recommends that WSPs should enhance their ability to continuously identify and analyze opportunities in business environment to inform choices for competitive action as a key strategy towards driving firms? sustainability.

Keywords: predictive analysis, sensing capability, sustainability, Kenya, water utilities

How to Cite?: Francis Kiura, David Kiragu, "Sensing Capability as a Predictor of Sustainability in Kenya's Water Service Providers", Volume 14 Issue 10, October 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 767-773, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251013184317, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251013184317