The Pivotal Role of Oral Pathology in Diagnosis and Treatment Planning of Oral Diseases: A Systematic Review

Dr. Monalisa Dash, Dr. Jugajyoti Pathi, Dr. Dhirendra Kumar Singh

Abstract: Background: Oral diseases, ranging from common inflammatory conditions (e.g., periodontitis) to aggressive malignancies such as Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), pose significant global health challenges. Accurate, definitive diagnosis through pathology is the gold standard for disease characterization, which is critical for determining appropriate therapeutic intervention and predicting patient prognosis. Objective: To systematically synthesize and evaluate evidence demonstrating the direct impact of specific pathological and molecular findings in major oral diseases on subsequent clinical treatment planning and patient outcomes. Methods: Databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to 2025 using terms for "oral pathology", "histopathology", "oral cancer", "treatment planning", and "prognosis" following PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria focused on studies correlating pathological parameters (e.g., tumour grade, invasion depth, dysplasia) with treatment selection and prognosis. Conclusion: The pathological report is the most influential factor in dictating the definitive management of complex oral diseases, particularly for potentially malignant and malignant lesions, ensuring treatment is tailored to their biological nature.

Keywords: Oral Diseases, Pathology Diagnosis, Treatment Planning, Oral Cancer, Patient Outcomes

How to Cite?: Dr. Monalisa Dash, Dr. Jugajyoti Pathi, Dr. Dhirendra Kumar Singh, "The Pivotal Role of Oral Pathology in Diagnosis and Treatment Planning of Oral Diseases: A Systematic Review", Volume 14 Issue 10, October 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 502-505, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251009163854, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251009163854