The Role of Medicinal Chemistry in Antiviral Drug Development: Lessons from COVID-19

V. Geetha

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the indispensable role of medicinal chemistry in the rapid development of antiviral therapies. By leveraging structure-based drug design, high-throughput screening, and advanced chemical synthesis, medicinal chemists have played a pivotal role in transforming biological insights into effective treatments. This paper examines the strategies employed to develop antiviral drugs such as remdesivir, molnupiravir, and Paxlovid, emphasizing the integration of multidisciplinary approaches to optimize drug potency, selectivity, and pharmacokinetics. Additionally, the challenges and successes encountered during the pandemic are analysed to extract lessons for future pandemic preparedness. The study underscores the necessity for global collaboration, pre-emptive antiviral research, and innovation in medicinal chemistry to combat emerging viral threats effectively.

Keywords: Medicinal chemistry, antiviral drug development, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, drug design, remdesivir, molnupiravir, Paxlovid, structure-based drug design