Nursing Interventions Promoting Adherence to Oral Medication in Oncology: Integrative Literature Review

Mendes Liliana, Nicolau Celia, Sobral Maribel

Abstract: Background: Recently, emerged new antineoplastic drugs favoring the oral administration. These drugs provide a convenient administration for the user. However, they represent a challenge in terms of safety and adherence since there is a transfer of responsibility from health professionals to the user. Aim: This integrative literature review aims to identify the nursing interventions used to promote adherence to oral medication in oncology. Methods: The search took place between October and November 2022. We accessed the data bases through the Ebscohost platform; consulted the Open Access Scientific Repository of Portugal, the BVS Enfermagem and searched the Google Academic database. Results: The nursing interventions promoting adherence to oral medication in oncology were adherence risk assessment; structured education aimed at medication adherence; continuous assessment of medication adherence; proactive monitoring of needs and difficulties; coaching; motivational interview; implementation of a structured oral medication adherence program; technological interventions through digital applications; supportive measures. Conclusion: An assessment of the risk of non - adherence allows establishing personalized strategies that enhance patient's adherence to medication. The implementation of a structured adherence program is the most frequent option to increase the outcomes of its users. Educational follow - up through regular motivational interviewing increases patients' self - efficacy levels and, consequently, their medication adherence levels.

Keywords: medication adherence, oncology nursing, cancer treatment protocols