Trends in the Gravimetric and Volumetric Energy Densities of Lithium-Ion Batteries over the Past Decade

Priyavi Singh

Abstract: The demand for lithium-ion batteries, owing to their diverse applications such as in electric vehicles, aerospace, and electronic devices, has increased rapidly through the years. Since the first prototype of the Lithium-ion battery in 1985, new versions of the Li-ion battery have seen changes and modifications to the structure of the battery, particularly in the cathode and anode used. These, in turn, have increased efficiency and commercial viability in various ways, including by allowing for higher energy densities. This paper analyses trends in the volumetric and gravimetric energy densities of lithium-ion batteries from 2012 to 2022, ascertained using research papers which discuss lithium-ion batteries, and the implications of the evolution of these metrics.

Keywords: Lithium-ion Batteries, Volumetric Energy Density, Gravimetric Energy Density, Energy Density, Specific Energy