Effect of Household Detergent on Mitotic Root Tip Cells of Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea)

Supriya Shrivastava, Rani Shilki

Abstract: Two household detergent (Chemical washing powder and Herbal washing Powder) were evaluated for possible genotoxic effect in the cowpea root tip cells. Household detergents gained popularity over other cleaning agent as they are free from animal fat and act at low concentration in acidic as well as Alkaline medium in hard water. Plant chromosomal aberration assay was exploited for screening. cowpea seeds were incubated for over night in aqueous solutions of household detergents in three different concentration (low 0.1%, medium 0.3% and high 0.5%). The untreated seeds were used as control (incubated in distilled water). Herbal washing detergent has the maximum inhibitory effect on germination. In Chemical washing detergent seed were germinate in all concentration. Detergent cause fragmentation the most deleterious damage. Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were evaluated by observing chromosomal abnormalities (cell elongation, nuclear material degradation, enucleated cells, no plate formation, pyknosis). Chromosomal aberration observed in cells mostly lethal but some cells with related aberration are viable that can cause genetic effect either somatic or inherited. Therefore daily use of hand washing with detergents may cause skin cancer and due to increase used of detergents the domestic and sewage water get contaminated which are main source of irrigation for kitchen garden and farmland around the cities.

Keywords: Mitosis, Cell Blebbing, Pyknosis

How to Cite?: Supriya Shrivastava, Rani Shilki, "Effect of Household Detergent on Mitotic Root Tip Cells of Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea)", Volume 12 Issue 11, November 2023, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1623-1626, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR231118213930, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR231118213930