Overview of ACE-2 Receptor, Its Structure and Polymorphism and its Susceptibility to SARS-Cov-2, Influences of COVID-19 on Multi-Organs Cardiovascular Comorbidities, and COVID-19 Disease Outcome

Srinjoy Chattopadhyay, Vanshika Saini

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects human cells via binding a ?spike? protein on its surface to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) within the host. ACE2 is crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis and negatively regulates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in humans. We employed our basic understanding of bioinformatics to give an overview of ACE-2 receptor, its structure and polymorphism and its susceptibility to SARS-Cov-2, influences of COVID-19 on multi-organs cardiovascular comorbidities, and COVID-19 disease outcome. This study may help in the significant understanding of the ongoing pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Keywords: ACE-2 receptor, SARS Cov-2, Spike glycoprotein, Receptor binding domain, dimers, transmembrane helix, virions, Collectrin like domain, polymorphism, RAAS, disintegrin, ARDS, TYK2 gene