Phytochemical Profile, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Activities of Medicinal Plants in Local Area of Himachal Pradesh

Ujjwal Sharma, Divya Tandon

Abstract: The current research was carried out to appraise phytochemical antioxidant and antibacterial activity of various crude extracts viz, methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, and aqueous extracts of Bauhinia variegata, Ficus racemosa, Ficus palmata, Carissa carandas, Bombax ceiba towards microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Salmonella typhi, Vibrio cholerae, K. pneumonia, E. coli, S. paratyphi, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, Sarcina lutea, S. epidermidis, B. cereus S. pyogenes, Shigella dysentery, V. cholera, by agar well diffusion method. The highest percentage of extraction yield was noted in aqueous extract followed by methanol and chloroform extracts. The phytochemical test discovered that the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, tannins, and terpenoids. The crude extracts of plant have displayed significant to moderate and dose-dependent (25, 50 and 1000µg/ml) antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Bauhinia variegata exhibited a greater zone of inhibition for Salmonella typhi, Methanolic extract of Ficus racemosa (leaves) has more effective to gram (+) ve than gram (-) ve bacteria, Ficus palmata exhibited a greater zone of inhibition for Bacillus cereus, Bombax ceiba exhibited a greater zone of inhibition for S. aureus, Carissa carandas exhibited a greater zone of inhibition for V. cholerae.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Phytochemical, Extracts