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Research Paper | Computer Science and Engineering | Volume 15 Issue 3, March 2026 | Pages: 299 - 306 | India
Navigating the Blockchain Consensus Landscape: Features, Measured Outcomes and Mitigation Pathways
Abstract: Blockchain technology has evolved incredibly into various domains other than cryptocurrencies such as healthcare, genomics application, agriculture, government schemes, land asset distribution, DeFi, IoT, supply chain management due to its decentralized and secured nature. Consensus mechanism in blockchain networks serves as the backbone to ensure data integrity, provenance, immutability and security. Traditional consensus mechanism faces many challenges like utilization of high energy or carbon, excessive computational resources, staking of cryptocurrency, high reputation of nodes, maximum votes received, scalability and security issues. To tackle this concerns many researchers has proposed solutions and given a comparative analysis of the performance of these algorithms. This paper gives the survey reviews of the consensus mechanism used so far with a comparative analysis on the performance metrics like scalability, latency, and throughput, degree of decentralization, energy and resources efficiency etc. We have divided the consensus algorithms based on two categories i.e Proof based and Acquiescence based. The study highlights critical trade-offs among scalability, energy efficiency, decentralization, fault tolerance, and security resilience. Furthermore, this paper sheds the light on recent innovations addressing mitigation strategies like sharding, off-chain solutions, checkpoint mechanism, and integration of machine learning for anomaly detection, prediction of attack vectors. By systematically comparing consensus protocols and identifying open research challenges, this review aims to provide researchers and practitioners with a clear understanding of current consensus landscapes and provide valuable guidance to the selection and design of suitable mechanisms for next-generation blockchain systems.
Keywords: Blockchain, Consensus, voting-based consensus, proof-based consensus, BFT-based consensus, sharding
How to Cite?: Sujata Sathe, Dr. Sahebrao Shinde, "Navigating the Blockchain Consensus Landscape: Features, Measured Outcomes and Mitigation Pathways", Volume 15 Issue 3, March 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 299-306, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SC26211105359, DOI: https://dx.dx.doi.org/10.21275/SC26211105359