Study on Haemoglobin Concentration During First Trimester of Pregnancy: Analysis with Folic Acid Supplementation

Dr. Hyna B Alex, Angel Jose, Dr. Tony Nelson

Abstract: During pregnancy, haemoglobin concentration is an important indicator of maternal health. The first trimester is a crucial period when physiological changes, such as plasma volume expansion, can affect haemoglobin levels. Folic acid is routinely prescribed to support red blood cell formation and prevent anaemia during early pregnancy. This study was designed to evaluate the variations in haemoglobin levels during the first trimester of pregnancy and to examine the impact of folic acid supplementation. A paired-sample design was adopted to compare haemoglobin levels at the beginning and end of the first trimester among 50 pregnant women who were receiving folic acid supplementation. The mean, standard deviation, and t-values were calculated, and statistical significance was tested using the paired t-test. The mean haemoglobin concentration at the beginning of the first trimester was 11.63 g/dl, which reduced to 11.32 g/dl by the end of the trimester. The mean change of 0.31 g/dl was found to be statistically significant (t = 2.87, df = 49, p < 0.01), indicating a significant decline in haemoglobin concentration despite folic acid supplementation. The study finally concludes that there is a significant reduction in haemoglobin concentration during the first trimester of pregnancy, even with regular folic acid intake. This suggests that during early gestational period, folic acid alone may not be sufficient to maintain haemoglobin levels. Combined supplementation of iron and folic acid, along with regular haemoglobin monitoring and adequate nutrition, is recommended to prevent anaemia and ensure better maternal and fetal health outcomes.

Keywords: Haemoglobin, Pregnancy, Folic acid supplementation, First trimester, Anaemia

How to Cite?: Dr. Hyna B Alex, Angel Jose, Dr. Tony Nelson, "Study on Haemoglobin Concentration During First Trimester of Pregnancy: Analysis with Folic Acid Supplementation", Volume 14 Issue 11, November 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 429-432, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=MR251106202538, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/MR251106202538