Qualitative and Quantitave Analysis of Saponin as Bioactive Agent of Sapindus emarginatus

Bajad P. N., Pardeshi A. B.

Abstract: The isolation of saponin from various solvent extract of the plant, Sapindus emarginatus were studied. Sapindus emarginatus belongs to sapindaceae family and was used traditionally for washing and hair cleansing purpose. Saponins are heterosides of plant origin and the type of molecules has an interesting pesticide potential. The saponin was isolated from the pericarp of fruit, which was further purified by solvent separation method. The isolated extract was purified by analytical method (Edeoga. et al). The IR spectra of saponin showed the peaks at-3434 (-OH stretching), 2928 (-CH3), 1731 (C=O stretching of acid), 1636 (C=C stretching), 1043 (C-O stretching of carbon oxygen singles bond) which indicated the presence of functional group. HPLC Chromatogram of plant extract, Sapindus emarginatus containing saponin. The HPLC studies of saponin shows the peak at 205nm which get matched with the Std. saponin and on the basis of that data reveals both qualitative and quantitative analysis of saponin. The amount of saponin present in Sapindus emarginatus was found to be 324.85microgm. /ml.

Keywords: Saponin, plant extract, Sapindus emarginatus