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Research Paper | Public Health | Sudan | Volume 12 Issue 1, January 2023

Frequency and Risk Factors of Hepatitis B and C in Hemodialysis Patients in Khartoum

Abdelgabar F. O. | Eissa E. B. | Alhakami W. M. H. ABD Alegabar A. O. A.

Abstract: Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are considered to be a global health concern. Patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) are at increased risk of acquiring such infections. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of HBV and HCV seropositivity in HD patients, rate of conversion of patients and risk factors for acquiring these infections. Methodology: It is across sectional study conducted among 446 patients from 6 HD: (Bashair Hospital, Bahri Alsafia, Alnaw Hospital, Jabal awliya Hospital, Hospital of dermatology and Sexually transmitted diseases ''STI''and Ali bin Jabr HD centers) in Khartoum, Sudan. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data about current HBV and HCV serology status and at initiation of HD, history of blood transfusion, HBV vaccination status, history of dialysis in multiple centers and history of renal transplantation. Results: A) for HBV, a total of 356 patients from 4 centers dialyzing HBV (Bashair hospital, Bahri alsafia, Alnaw, Hospital of dermatology & STI HD centers) were included. Frequency of HBV seropositivity among patients was 10.4 % (37 patients). Of those, 13 converted after initiation of HD. Six out of the 13 patients who converted to be HBV positive did that in the first year giving a rate of 1.8% per year. Analysis of possible risk factors showed that number of centers in which patient received HD and HBV vaccination were significantly associated with HBV new infections. (B) For HCV, a total of 372 patients from 5 centers (Bahri alsafia, Alnaw, Hospital of dermatology and Sexually transmitted diseases, Ali bin Jabr, Jabal Awliya HD centers) dialyzing seronegative patients and HCV positive patients were included. Frequency of HCV seropositivity was 5.9 % (22 patients). Twenty out of the 22 seropositive patients converted after initiation of HD. Rate of conversion during the first year of HD was found to be between 0.54% to 0.81% per year. Analysis of possible risk factors revealed that number of centers in which patient received HD, number of blood transfusions and duration of dialysis were significantly associated with HCV new infections. Conclusion: patients on HD in Khartoum have high frequency of HBV and HCV seropositivity. The incidence of new positive cases of HBV during the first year of HD is about 1.8 case per year and for HCV is 0.54 to 0.81. Number of centers in which patient received HD and HBV vaccination status were found to have significant statistical relation to new positive cases of HBV while number of centers in which patient received HD, number of blood transfusions and duration of HD were shown to be significantly related to new cases of HCV.

Keywords: Hepatitis B virus, HBV, Hepatitis C virus, HCV, hemodialysis patients, risk factors, Khartoum, Sudan

Edition: Volume 12 Issue 1, January 2023,

Pages: 499 - 503

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